Hepatitis B virus reactivation in breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy: A review and meta-analysis of prophylaxis management

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation during or after chemotherapy in patients with breast cancer has become a remarkable clinical problem. Prophylactic nucleos(t)ide analogues (NAs) are recommended for patients with breast cancer who are hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positive before chemotherapy. We performed an up-to-date meta-analysis to compare the efficacy of prophylactic lamivudine use with nonprophylaxis in HBsAg-positive breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. PubMed, the Cochrane Library and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases were searched for relevant articles until June 2016. Eligible articles comparing the efficacy of prophylactic lamivudine use with nonprophylaxis in HBsAg-positive breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy were identified. Eight studies which had enrolled 709 HBsAg-positive breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy were analysed. Lamivudine prophylaxis significantly reduced the rates of chemotherapy-associated hepatitis B flares in chronic hepatitis B in breast cancer compared with patients with nonprophylaxis (odds ratio [OR]=0.15, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.07-0.35, P<.00001). Chemotherapy disruption rates attributed to HBV reactivation in the prophylaxis groups were significantly lower than the nonprophylaxis groups (OR=0.17, 95% CI: 0.07-0.43, P=.0002). Patients with lamivudine prophylaxis had a higher risk for tyrosine-methionine-aspartate-aspartate (YMDD) motif mutations than patients with nonprophylaxis (OR=6.33, 95% CI: 1.01-39.60, P=.05). Prophylactic antiviral therapy management is necessary for HBsAg-positive breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy, in spite of high correlation with lamivudine-resistant HBV variants with YMDD motif mutations

Cosmological constraints from Type I radio-loud quasars

We obtain a new sample of 1192 Type I quasars with the UV-optical, radio and X-ray wavebands coverage by combining \citet{Huang2022} and other matching data of SDSS-DR16 with FIRST, XMM-Newton, and Chandra Source Catalog, and a sample of 407 flat-spectrum radio-loud quasars (FSRLQs) of blazars from the Roma-BZCAT, which can be used to investigate their multi-band luminosity correlations and measure the luminosity distances of these Type I radio-loud quasars (RLQs) samples. We check the correlation between X-ray, UV-optical, and radio luminosity for various groupings of radio-quiet quasars (RQQs) and RLQs by parameterizing X-ray luminosity as a sole function of UV-optical or radio luminosity and as a joint function of UV-optical radio luminosity, which also can be employed to determine these cosmological distances. By Bayesian information criterion (BIC), the data suggest that the X-ray luminosity of RQQs is indirectly correlative with radio luminosity because of the connection between UV-optical and radio luminosity. But for RLQs, the X-Ray luminosity is directly related to radio luminosity, and the correlations between X-ray, optical/UV, and radio luminosity increase with the ratio of monochromatic luminosities logR. Meanwhile, we compare the results from RLQs with different UV-optical power law index ${\Gamma _{UV}}$, the goodness of fit for RLQs with ${\Gamma _{UV}}\le 1.6$ seems to be better. Finally, we apply a combination of Type I RLQs and SN Ia Pantheon to verify the nature of dark energy concerning whether or not its density deviates from the constant, and give the statistical results.Comment: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2207.0839

Covariant - tensor method for quantum groups and applications I: SU(2)qSU(2)_{q}

A covariant - tensor method for $SU(2)_{q}$ is described. This tensor method is used to calculate q - deformed Clebsch - Gordan coefficients. The connection with covariant oscillators and irreducible tensor operators is established. This approach can be extended to other quantum groups.Comment: 18 page

Quantum Dynamical Rˇ\check{R}- Matrix with Spectral Parameter from Fusion

A quantum dynamical $\check{R}$-matrix with spectral parameter is constructed by fusion procedure. This spin-1 $\check{R}$-matrix is connected with Lie algebra $so(3)$ and does not satisfy the condition of translation invariance.Comment: 6 pages, LaTeX, no figure

Low compressible noble metal carbides with rock-salt structure: ab initio total energy calculations of the elastic stability

We have systematically studied the mechanical stability of all noble metal carbides with the rock-salt structure by calculating their elastic constants within the density function theory scheme. It was found that only four carbides (RuC, PdC, AgC and PtC) are mechanically stable. In particular, we have shown that RuC, PdC, and PtC have very high bulk modulus, which has been remarkably observed by the most recent experiment for the case of PtC. From the calculated density of states, we can conclude that these compounds are metallic, like the conventional group IV and group V transition metal carbides.Comment: Appl. Phys. Lett. 89, 071913 (2006

The Tevatron at the Frontier of Dark Matter Direct Detection

Direct detection of dark matter (DM) requires an interaction of dark matter particles with nucleons. The same interaction can lead to dark matter pair production at a hadron collider, and with the addition of initial state radiation this may lead to mono-jet signals. Mono-jet searches at the Tevatron can thus place limits on DM direct detection rates. We study these bounds both in the case where there is a contact interaction between DM and the standard model and where there is a mediator kinematically accessible at the Tevatron. We find that in many cases the Tevatron provides the current best limit, particularly for light dark matter, below 5 GeV, and for spin dependent interactions. Non-standard dark matter candidates are also constrained. The introduction of a light mediator significantly weakens the collider bound. A direct detection discovery that is in apparent conflict with mono-jet limits will thus point to a new light state coupling the standard model to the dark sector. Mono-jet searches with more luminosity and including the spectrum shape in the analysis can improve the constraints on DM-nucleon scattering cross section.Comment: 20 pages, 8 figures, final version in JHE

Constraint of B_{d,s}-bar{B}_{d,s} mixing on warped extra-dimension model

Recent CDF measurement of the Bs-Bs oscillation frequency, at the Tevatron imposes significant constraint on various models for new physics. A warped extra-dimension model with custodial isospin symmetry accommodates the Bd-Bd mixing at tree level mainly through the Kaluza-Klein gluons. This is due to the misalignment between the bulk gauge eigenstates and the localized Yukawa eigenstates of the bulk fermions. We adopt the universal 5D Yukawa coupling model where all Yukawa couplings are of order one. The SM fermion mass spectra and mixings are controlled by the bulk Dirac mass parameters. With two versions of the hadronic parameter values, we investigate the implication of the observed BB mixings on this model. The CP-violating effects on the Bd system is shown to provide very strong constraint: The first Kaluza-Klein mass of a gluon has its lower bound about 3.7 TeV with 1 sigma uncertainty.Comment: published version in JHEP, CP-violating effects include

Phase Separation and Magnetic Order in K-doped Iron Selenide Superconductor

Alkali-doped iron selenide is the latest member of high Tc superconductor family, and its peculiar characters have immediately attracted extensive attention. We prepared high-quality potassium-doped iron selenide (KxFe2-ySe2) thin films by molecular beam epitaxy and unambiguously demonstrated the existence of phase separation, which is currently under debate, in this material using scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy. The stoichiometric superconducting phase KFe2Se2 contains no iron vacancies, while the insulating phase has a \surd5\times\surd5 vacancy order. The iron vacancies are shown always destructive to superconductivity in KFe2Se2. Our study on the subgap bound states induced by the iron vacancies further reveals a magnetically-related bipartite order in the superconducting phase. These findings not only solve the existing controversies in the atomic and electronic structures in KxFe2-ySe2, but also provide valuable information on understanding the superconductivity and its interplay with magnetism in iron-based superconductors

High Stability Positron Beam Generation Based on Ultra-intense Laser

Relativistic positron beams were generated by laser wakefield electrons bombarding on solid target. Very stable positron beams were generated in our experiments. The total yield of positrons is about 4.4 x 10(8)/shot. The energy spectra of positrons and electrons obey quasi-Maxwell distribution. Compared with the direct method, the indirect method produces positrons (38.5 MeV) and electrons (50.5 MeV) with much higher slope temperature

State sampling dependence of the Hopfield network inference

The fully connected Hopfield network is inferred based on observed magnetizations and pairwise correlations. We present the system in the glassy phase with low temperature and high memory load. We find that the inference error is very sensitive to the form of state sampling. When a single state is sampled to compute magnetizations and correlations, the inference error is almost indistinguishable irrespective of the sampled state. However, the error can be greatly reduced if the data is collected with state transitions. Our result holds for different disorder samples and accounts for the previously observed large fluctuations of inference error at low temperatures.Comment: 4 pages, 1 figure, further discussions added and relevant references adde